Fruits of life
As far as antioxidants go, some
tried-and-true foods already boast stellar track records: broccoli
and berries, for starters. But if you're craving something a little
more trendy, these four hot-off-the-press selections are worth a
look. And because every food's nutrients have different health
benefits, "it makes sense to add some of these new selections to
the diet, to ensure that you're exposed to a number of beneficial
phytochemicals every day," says Ray Sahelian, MD, a physician in
Marina del Rey, California, and author of Mind Boosters
(St. Martin's Griffin, 2000).
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1. Goji
berries
The goji berry (Lycium barbarum), called wolfberry when
grown in China, is a small, sweet-tart berry native to Southeast
Europe and Southwest Asia. Its red color indicates rich
antioxidants, especially carotenoids. Current research focuses on
this tiny fruit's potential to reduce cancer risk (World
Journal of Gastroenterology, 2006, vol. 12, no. 28). You'll
find the dried berries in the bulk bin of your natural products
store, prepackaged in the dried fruit section, and incorporated
into juice mixes and energy bars. How to use them: Sprinkle onto
cereal with raisins; add to cookie dough; combine with handfuls of
whole-grain pretzels, walnuts, banana chips, and dried blueberries
for a healthy trail mix.
2.
Mangosteen
This tropical fruit has been used for mil-lennia in Chinese,
Ayurvedic, and folk medicine to treat skin infections, wounds, and
diarrhea. The fresh fruit is dark purple-red and about the size of
a small tangerine, with a hard rind and sweet, soft pulp. Its key
healing compounds are xanthones, powerful antioxidants shown to
protect against a variety of cancers, particularly breast cancer
(Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2004, vol. 90, no. 1). "No
human studies have been done with mangosteen and cancer, but lab
studies show [that its] xanthones [exert] antitumor activity," says
Sahelian. Because the nutrients are concentrated in the bitter
rind, mangosteen is usually puréed and combined with other
juices to make it more palatable. (You can sometimes hunt down the
whole fruit in Asian markets.) How to use it: Combine the
purée with sparkling water and crushed mint for a refreshing
cocktail, or add to fresh-squeezed orange juice.
3.
Açai
Açai (Euterpe oleracea) is the fruit of an Amazonian palm tree
revered by Brazilians as "the tree of life." After Oprah named it
one of the world's top superfoods, this blueberrylike fruit became
an overnight celebrity. Açai (ah-SAH-ee) contains abundant
antioxidants called anthocyanins, "which have antioxidative,
anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective activity," says Sahelian,
as well as promising anticancer potential (Journal of
Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 2006, vol. 54, no. 4;
European Journal of Cancer, 2005, vol. 41, no. 13). Grown
only in the rain forest and extremely perishable, açai must be
processed before shipping. Look for the deep-purple juice in the
refrigerated or frozen section of your store. How to use it: Add
the juice or pulp to smoothies, whisk into salad dressing, or
combine with sparkling water and a handful of pomegranate
seeds.
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4. Cocoa
nibs
The newest cool food on the culinary circuit, cocoa nibs are simply
roasted cocoa beans that have been separated from their husks and
broken into bits. They're about the size of pine nuts, with a dark
color and slightly bitter flavor, and have all the healing
compounds of chocolate—minus the sugar and butter. "Ounce for
ounce, nothing you can eat has more antioxidants than chocolate,"
says Joe Vinson, PhD, professor of chemistry at the University of
Scranton in Pennsylvania. Chocolate is especially beneficial to
heart health; it's been shown to lower blood pressure, boost
beneficial HDL cholesterol, and improve blood vessel function. Look
for cocoa nibs in the bulk bins or baking aisle at natural markets.
How to use them: Sprinkle over ice cream, stir into puddings or
baked goods, blend into smoothies, or cook with milk and strain for
hot cocoa.
Health and food writer
Lisa Turner is a frequent contributor to Delicious
Living.
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